Kazakhstan oil exports

Most of Kazakhstan’s oil exports go through the Caspian Pipeline Consortium, which has been targeted by Russian courts. 

Kazakhstan is again looking to the potential of a Trans-Caspian pipeline, but do plans to diversify oil export routes just hitch the Kazakh economy further to a doomed fossil fuel industry?

The timing of the decision has naturally raised some eyebrows, but of greater consequence is the lack of diversification of export routes for Kazakh oil.

Much of the oil produced in Kazakhstan transits through a pipeline across Russia, which now has shrunk output for a variety of reasons.

Another investor has left Kazakhstan, highlighting the worsening business climate. 

In Beijing’s pursuit of shifting its trade and energy dependencies from sea to land, Nur-Sultan is a necessary partner.

Kazakhstan's anti-monopoly agency fines the Atyrau refinery; Uzbekistan's Fergana refinery becomes loot for investors. 

Tests revealed the presence of dangerous chemicals in oil pumped from the Aktobe region and destined for to China. 

The fight apparently erupted over a photo of a Lebanese contractor and a female Kazakh colleague.

Given the dominance of conventional energy resources, are Astana’s green energy reforms merely publicity stunts?

Mixed reporting casts doubt on how seriously Astana takes its oil production cut promises.